HISTORY OF 13th APRIL

Historical Events For April 13

  • 1111
    Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
  • 1204
    Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire.
  • 1256
    The Grand Union of the Augustinian order formed when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae.
  • 1598
    Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots. (Edict repealed in 1685.)
  • 1612
    Miyamoto Musashi defeats Sasaki Kojiro at Funajima island.
  • 1613
    Samuel Argall kidnaps Chief Powhatan’s daughter, Pocahontas in Virginia along the Potomac River.
  • 1742
    George Frideric Handel’s oratorio Messiah makes its world-premiere in Dublin, Ireland.
  • 1776
    American Revolutionary War: American forces are surprised in the Battle of Bound Brook, New Jersey.
  • 1796
    The first elephant ever seen in the United States arrives from India.
  • 1829
    The British Parliament grants freedom of religion to Roman Catholics.
  • 1849
    Hungary becomes a republic.
  • 1861
    American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederate forces.
  • 1868
    The Abyssinian War ends as British and Indian troops capture Magdala.
  • 1870
    The Metropolitan Museum of Art founded.
  • 1873
    The Colfax Massacre takes place.
  • 1902
    James C. Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.
  • 1909
    The Turkish military reverses the Ottoman countercoup of 1909 to force the deposal of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
  • 1919
    Eugene V. Debs enters prison at the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary in Atlanta, Georgia, for speaking out against the draft during World War I.
  • 1919
    Jallianwala Bagh massacre: British troops massacre at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar, India. At least 1200 wounded.
  • 1919
    The Establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.
  • 1941
    Pact of neutrality between the USSR and Japan is signed.
  • 1943
    The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C., on the 200th anniversary of Thomas Jefferson’s birth.
  • 1943
    World War II: The discovery of a mass grave of Polish prisoners of war executed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre is announced, causing a diplomatic rift between the Polish government in exile in London from the Soviet Union, which denies responsibility.
  • 1944
    Diplomatic relations between New Zealand and the Soviet Union are established.
  • 1945
    World War II: German troops kill more than 1,000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen Germany.
  • 1945
    World War II: Soviet and Bulgarian forces capture Vienna, Austria.
  • 1948
    The Hadassah medical convoy massacre: In an ambush, 79 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital and a British soldier are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarra near Jerusalem.
  • 1953
    CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind-control program MKULTRA.
  • 1958
    During the Cold War, American Van Cliburn wins the inaugural International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow.
  • 1960
    The United States launches Transit 1-B, the world’s first satellite navigation system.
  • 1964
    At the Academy Awards, Sidney Poitier becomes the first African-American male to win the Best Actor award for the 1963 film Lilies of the Field.
  • 1970
    An oxygen tank aboard Apollo 13 explodes, putting the crew in great danger and causing major damage to the spacecraft while en route to the Moon.
  • 1972
    The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People’s Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.
  • 1972
    Vietnam War: The Battle of An Lộc begins.
  • 1974
    Western Union (in cooperation with NASA and Hughes Aircraft) launches the United States’ first commercial geosynchronous communications satellite, Westar 1.
  • 1975
    Bus massacre in Lebanon: Attack by the Phalangist resistance kill 26 militia members of the P.F.L. of Palestine, marking the start of the 15-year Lebanese Civil War.
  • 1976
    The United States Treasury Department reintroduced the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson’s 233rd birthday as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration.
  • 1984
    India moves into Siachen Glacier thus annexing more territory from the Line of Control.
  • 1987
    Portugal and the People’s Republic of China sign an agreement in which Macau would be returned to China in 1999.
  • 1992
    The Great Chicago Flood.
  • 1997
    Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win the Masters Tournament.

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